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Reinforcer Strength – How to improve learning

A fun informational video introducing the concept of reinforcer strength and its affect on behavioral choice, by James Fritzler and Susan Friedman, PhD.

For a given learner… Dog, human, mouse etc.
in a given environment,
presented with a given cue…
there are always competing rewards (reinforcers) available,
for a wide variety of behaviors.

Some are weak… some are stronger…
but the strongest reinforcers produce the strongest behaviors.
So listen up: life is full of choices. The behaviors that produce the strongest reinforcers are the behaviors our learners will do more.

This is called The Matching Law!

Website on Home-Prepared Dog &Cat Diets

Great resource check it out !! here is the link

Home-Prepared Dog & Cat Diets.

Good science about Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health. Do we need both DHA &EPA omega 3 fats?

This is a link to a scholarly article that reveals that we benefit from both Omega 3 fats. Plus lists the best foods for sources of Omega 3 fats.  Food  technology is aiming to separate out the two fats from fish oil  or substitute a vegetable source fats (linoleic FA) for just EPA.  This article clearly shows the benefit of both fats in our diet. My conclusion: why bother to change mother nature, eat fish oil to get the best of both fats in one food .

(n-3) Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health: Are Effects of EPA and DHA Shared or Complementary?.

For Your Information:

TABLE 1

Major dietary sources of long-chain (n-3) PUFA1

EPA DPA2 DHA Combined EPA+DHA
mg/100 g
Anchovy 763 41 1292 2055
Herring, Atlantic 909 71 1105 2014
Salmon, farmed 862 393 1104 1966
Salmon, wild 411 368 1429 1840
Mackerel, Atlantic 504 106 699 1203
Bluefish 323 79 665 988
Sardines, Atlantic 473 0 509 982
Trout 259 235 677 936
Golden bass (tilefish) 172 143 733 905
Swordfish 127 168 772 899
Tuna, white (albacore) 233 18 629 862
Mussels 276 44 506 782
Striped bass 169 0 585 754
Shark 258 89 431 689
Pollock, Atlantic 91 28 451 542
Oysters, wild 274 16 210 484
King mackerel 174 22 227 401
Tuna, light (skipjack) 91 17 237 328
Snapper 48 22 273 321
Flounder and sole 168 34 132 300
Clams 138 104 146 284
Grouper 35 17 213 248
Halibut 80 20 155 235
Lobster 117 6 78 195
Scallops 72 5 104 176
Blue crab 101 9 67 168
Cod, Pacific 42 5 118 160
Shrimp 50 5 52 102
Catfish, farmed 20 18 69 89
Eggs 0 7 58 58
Chicken breast 10 10 20 30
Beef 2 4 1 3
Pork 0 10 2 2
1Adapted with permission from (1). Data are from the USDA National Nutrition Database for Standard Reference Release 23, 2010 (9).
2Compared to EPA and DHA, the DPA contents in food sources are less available in the USDA database, which limits the ability to assess dietary intake of this (n-3) PUFA.

Handy chart to convert temp in F to C

http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/guides/maps/gifs/temp.scales.gif.

https://i0.wp.com/ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/guides/maps/gifs/temp.scales.gif

The supermarket is becoming more confusing! This fact makes feeding our families quality and healthful food a challenge…..

I write allot about the  petfoods & nutrition products for Cats and Dogs. Readers may already realize it is difficult to select good quality and healthful petfood  for our pets. Well, the pet-care marketplace is confusing and becoming more so, as companies use more clever advertizing to increase sales.

Well Dr Lustig has tackled the same issue where it relates to human health and everyday food from supermarkets. This is a link to his articles is you do not want to read his new book called Fat Chance.

I highly recommend this website!!

UCSF COAST: Fat Chance with Rob Lustig.

perception, illusion and reality

Great talk about why we struggle to allow into our world, new information when, “we know what we know”.

Takes about 15 minutes to watch this video about how we and creatures map reality.

TED | TEDx | Event Detail.

Applies to pet owners because many problem behaviors that happen in the average home are based on the principles revealed in this TED talk. Basically, our prior learning results in ideas and remembered brain images, about a subject within our world. These image-ideas can interfere with seeing what is really happening. Our brains are constantly editing out information that is in the environment, so that we  only pay attention to what is judged important. This is a brain based shortcut for daily living. Obviously, we don’t take as long to do activities of daily life compared to when we first  learned them.  This is the result of editing out any information that is not important to the task. How does this interfere with learning as life goes on? We create a very detailed map of the world as we acquire experiences. This map is brought out of our memory as we go through our day. Visual maps, hearing maps, feeling and movement maps and even thinking and emotional maps. There is even an area of the brain dedicated to making us feel certain about our maps. Even though we know that maps are only a guide, as we gain repeated experiences we begin to feel certain that our personal map is the same as reality. This is how phobias are formed and knowing that repeating experiences creates a new map is also how phobias are treated effectively.

Hopefully by now, someone has taken a photo or video of you that  demonstrates that what you remember can be very wrong. Yet we are stuck with feelings of certainty about how we see the reality around us. Luckily neuroscience is pointing out that each persons and each species only perceives a small portion of the world.

Let me explain how this applies to animal training. First, the experience of eye sight, hearing, feeling sensations, smells and second how this information is identified by the brain is very different between us and our animal companions. Many of the difficulties, that happen within human-animal households, can be traced to these facts. We do not see, feel, smell, hear, experience the same World. Modern pet training differs from, the older, so called “Leader of the Pack” beliefs, by applying what has been learned through 200 years scientific study of how animals  really experience their world.  More importantly, modern science applies the two principles: one –  what can be measured can be improved and two – what we know today is just a map of reality so learning never ends.

It is essential to document training ideas, methods and results in ways that can be objectively measured.  Renowned Innovators and Entrepreneurs  know that accepted thinking gets in the way of discovery. They also know the importance of measuring results. So as you train your animals I suggest that we all; test ideas, document objectively, retest, retest and have someone else look over your methods and results.

Once one realizes that accepted ideas can get in the way of seeing reality this is the best we can do, for now…..

Plastic in Foods & easy ways to avoid them.

This is an excellent, truthful, summary of  how plastic gets into our bodies. Plus, practical advice that is accurate, easy to follow and will  make a big difference to your families health.

Nutrition Diva : Plastic in Foods :: Quick and Dirty Tips ™.

Why are chemicals, that get into our food and water, allowed:

Veterinary and animal scientists have been warning since the 1980’s that the molecules from plastics were accumulating in animals and causing bone, hormone and health problems. However, neither the FDA nor the EPA  had the power to ban or even warn the public, because the findings were “only in animals”, not people.  Washington law makers have been unwilling to limit any industry because of economic concerns, so there have never been  requirements for safety prior to use or sale of chemicals in the USA.  Any chemical ingredients or products can be used freely in our environment, air, water, food, household goods, until proven harmful to people. Laboratory studies alone that may indicate harm are not sufficient to meet this standard of proven harmful in everyday use. The EPA can only act once sufficient numbers of people are harmed from a chemical that is proven to be the definitive cause of such harm. This is very hard to prove because we live in a chemical filled world, exposed to numerous chemicals every day of our lives.

Remember, we don’t need a government agency to protect us from everything. We can take action based on the large amount of knowledge from  “reliable scientific analysis” . What is clear so far: The harm from chemicals is not from a high dose of a single chemical,   rather the total  sum of many chemicals because they accumulate in our bodies.  The dose of  several chemicals that each interfere with  hormone function is well documented as a cause of many health problems in humans and animals. Beginning in 2008, with Bisphenol-A the EPA &FDA have  started to enforce more restrictions on known chemicals.

The list of problems known so far:

1. Silent inflammation -This occurs without major symptoms but continues deep within  in our bodies and leads to premature aging, obesity, heart disease, auto-immune diseases and cancers. The single most important known cause of  life limiting diseases of modern times.

2. Hormone problems  are rising in numbers like a slow epidemic. These are: low or high thyroid function, abnormal immune function, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, low fertility in men and women, plus cancer of lymph nodes, pancreas, adrenals, brain, breast, ovary, testes and prostate.

4. Children – starting the womb, chemicals are taken up by rapidly growing cells of the fetus. Later chemicals can be  transferred to children in breast milk. Children are regularly getting higher doses than adults. The rising number of children with health problems of the brain, immune system, hormone organs, skin, bone and bone marrow are linked to their higher exposure. One widely used group of  chemicals work by disrupting hormone function in pests or weeds, or are useful in plastics and coatings. One example, Bis-phenol A, has been in the news. Health problems linked to these chemicals in children include: brain tumors, ADHA, autism, childhood cancers, leukemia, allergies and other autoimmune diseases. abnormal bone formation and early onset of puberty and obesity  in girls and boys.

What can we do

Anti-oxidants in our diet can help to reduce the harm by counteracting silent inflammation. This alone is not enough, we can  reduce  how much we take  in through minor changes to daily life choices. See link at top of article.

Stay informed and Vote with your wallet. When we consumers buy healthier choices, companies quickly change their products to keep us loyal to their company. This action on our part also produces new products that in the end stimulate new business and the economy. Important skill to practice is reading labels carefully looking for hard to identify words (tip off to a chemical)  Be informed and check into products who use advertizing slang to blur the real ingredients. Large words on the front are meaningless it is the back in the ingredient list that matters and is regulated by truth in labeling laws. Slang to look for Green, Healthy, Low fat, Low carb. or no carb., Naturally made, Naturally   fill in the blank___ .

I provide a link to the FDA website from this blog where you can look up foods or ingredients to see what is real.

I will continue be tuned to this subject and pass along meaningful information so  my readers can actively protect their families, pet and human.  I am extremely interested in this subject because my background as a Veterinarian includes 10 years of teaching & research at 2 Universities specializing in reproduction, hormones and nutrition.

Pets Boost Social Skills in Kids with Autism – in Neurology, Autism from MedPage Today

This is a nice article about the effect of pets on children. There is a great deal of interest about the benefit of animals in therapy for Human health. I would like to also see studies about the effects on the pet when paired with a human who life is experiencing difficulty.  It is allot to expect of animals to become substitute human therapists i.e. replace the effect of good human to human attention. Are we replacing the effects of “good human social input and bonding” with “animal-human bonding” because we do not  provide the input from a human. I would like to see studies that compare the effect of; a human v.s. an animal as the  giver of attention/time/activity to subjects of these studies. Then we can have a better idea of whether there is an animal specific effect or are we observing the effect of receiving allot of undivided focused attention.

 

Medical News: Pets Boost Social Skills in Kids with Autism – in Neurology, Autism from MedPage Today.

Dr Richie Davidson – The Emotional Life of Your Brain (Complete) – YouTube

A must see video for anyone interested in improving your life or the lives of others. Fascinating info about the brain.

Richie Davidson – The Emotional Life of Your Brain (Complete) – YouTube.

The Single Best Thing You Can Do for Your Health – Video – The Atlantic

The Single Best Thing You Can Do for Your Health – Kasia Cieplak-Mayr von Baldegg – Video – The Atlantic.

Just watch this video (<10 minutes)!!

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